Hall started off his session by delving right into the basics. First, he explained the traditional life cycle of a domain: “It [the domain] goes from availability into being registered as it goes through a five-day add / grace period. It goes to being registered anywhere from one to ten years. As long as it continues to be registered, it continues to be alive. It then expires at some point. All domain names have an expiry date.” In the early days of the Internet, a domain expired immediately on its expiration date. This changed with the advent of the “auto-renew grace period.”

Initially, the auto-renew grace period gave registrants five additional days to maintain control of their domain names; that was more than registrants had previously, but many domain holders complained that the five days still was not enough time.

That’s when ICANN stepped in and suggested that an additional 30-day grace period / hold time be put into effect. That suggestion became policy and all expiring domains go through a 30 day redemption period. During this hold time, the domain name ceases to be active — a sure sign to a registrant that there’s an issue with the domain. At any time within that period, the registrant can still renew the domain.

If, on the other hand, the domain registrant does not take action to renew the domain within the 30 day redemption period, on the 31st day the domain goes into what’s called the domain “pending deletion” phase, which lasts a total of 5 days. Once the domain enters into this period, the registrant can no longer renew the name and get the domain back. Instead, the registrar puts the domain on its list of soon-to-be available domains. Following that, once the five-day pending delete time ends, the domain is deleted by the domain registry, making it non-existent and allowing anyone to register it anew.

However, in practice, the redemption period has become practically useless. Before a domain name enters the redemption grace period, there's the auto-renew grace period, which allows a registrar to hold the domain for 0 to 45 days and use it for its own purposes. During this period the registrar becomes the official owner of the domain but might still allow the registrant to renew it. This period also allows the registrar to test the domain for traffic and revenue by putting up PPC (pay per click) ads on the domain.

Most registrars currently allow domain owners to renew their domain during the first 30 days of this auto renew grace period, even though – and quite alarmingly so – they have no contractual obligation to do so. This 30-day period, during which renewal is still possible thanks to the good will of most registrars, is now known as the "registrar grace period".

If the parked site generates traffic and earns money via PPC during this 30-day registrar grace period, and if the domain is not reclaimed by the former owner, then the registrar will either put up the domain up for auction in an attempt to sell it for a profit, or keep it for himself. If the domain is deemed to have no value, he will still try to auction it off, but if there are no takers, the registrar will put the domain into the redemption grace period, after which the domain will be deleted and become available to the public.

What are the implications for domainers? At least in theory, you could actually lose a domain the same day it expires. Aggressive registrars could simply deny any renewal requests occurring after the domain's expiration date and keep the domain for themselves or auction it off.

Even mainstream registrars looking for new revenue streams could easily shorten or even eliminate the registrar grace period at the drop of a hat. Domainers should always renew their domains at least a few months before the expiration date to have a cushion for unforeseen events and to prevent registrars from getting too greedy when they see a highly valuable domains potentially slipping from your hands.

Another important change to take note of is that the previously very popular "drop catching" game, where registrants tried to register domains the second they expired, practically no longer exists. Virtually all domains that actually go through the official redemption and pending delete periods are simply worthless from a traffic and revenue point of view.

Valuable domains are retained by the registrar or auctioned off. To get access to valuable expiring domain names, domainers must use the services of Snapnames, Pool.com, GoDaddy's TDNAM or similar services. For all practical purposes, these services no longer try to "grab" domains upon expiration. Instead, they simply have contracts with registrars to auction off their expiring domains.

For more reading on these important issues, check out the transcript of Rob Hall's presentation as well as his PDF tutorial that accompanied his talk. More information about Rob's group of companies is available here.

About 2,000 .ORG domains expire each day. Protectyour.org outlines five simple domain protection ideas (paraphrased below). These suggestions are basic but useful and certainly apply to all domain owners and domain extensions:

1. Make sure that you or an authorized representative of your organization has been named as registrant of the domain. In some rare cases, your webhosting or webdesign company will register your domain in their name to prevent you from moving to a different company in the future.
2. Verify and update your administrative contact information regularly. It makes sense to make sure you can be contacted by people who want to alert you to a problem with your domain or website.
3. Check that your email contact information is current. Registrars send out notices of upcoming expiration dates by email and if you forget to renew your domain, such an email might be the last resort that prevents you from losing the domain.
4. Consolidate your domains at one registrar to simplify management. If you have all your domains in one place you can quickly check expiration dates and renew domains that are going to expire soon.
5. Register your domains for the maximum period of time (in the case of .ORG domains that's 10 years). This eliminates the risk of expiration for an extensive amount of time.